Kiln



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MUNNIINIUMTi mquumwwwwk? KILN Aug.- 21, 1923.

` E. P. STEVENS Filed May 24 Patented Aug. 21, 1923.

ENocH r. STEVENS, 'or CHICAGO, rumors.

irrLN.

, Application filed May 24, raza.y Yserial No. 563,40of

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that LENOCH P. STEVENS, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county ot vCook andv State of 5 Illinois, have invented certain new 4and use-V ful Improvements `in Kilns, oi' which the following is a speciication. The present invention relates to kilns. The present invention is illustrated. in an l0 embodiment of kiln of the center iiue down` draft type, though it will beunderstood as the descriptionproceeds that the principles of the invention are equally applicable to other types of'kiln.

evenly distributed heat maybe maintained.

A further object is to provide a kilnin which air may be eliciently preheated -bev fore entering said kiln and in which the heated air is eiiicientlydistributed throughout the kiln.

Further objects will appear as the de-V scription proceeds.

Referring to the drawings- Figure 1 is a sectional view illustrating one embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the plane marked by the line 2-2 of Figure 1; f

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the plane marked by the line 3-3 of Figure l; and f Y Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along the plane indicated by the line v4---4 of'Figure 1.

The numeral 1 indicates the wall of a kiln which is shown as being circular in cross section and which has the dome 2. Axially placed with reference to the wall 1 is the center flue 3 which conducts products of combustion to the yinterior of the kiln from` the lfire box 4, ,said products of combustion passing through theY radially placed passageway 5in reaching the flue 3. Thefue 3 is formed by the upstanding cylindrical wall 6, .which wall 6 vis surrounded by the wall 7, coaXially mounted with said wall 6. Said walls 6 and 7 are spaced apart to Vform an air chamber 8, which communicates with the air holes 9;-9 leading from the atmosphere. The upper wall of the chamber 5 is indicated bythe numeral 10, which wall, as shown in Figure 2, is formed to provide the holes 9 5 which lead to the chamber 8.

The floor of the kiln is indicated by the numeral'll, which iioor is mounted upon a series of parallel walls 12,v which in turn are mounted upon the battle wall 13, saidV bams wall being mounted upona seriesof parallel walls 1 j The cylindrical wall 6 of the' center iiue is provided with a'deflecting .upper wall 15 spaced from the upper extremitiesV of con-v l centric walls v6 and .7. The upper wall 15 65 permits the mixture of'air with the products' of combustion from the fire 00x74 andv deflects same downwardly and radially toward o l the Hoor 11. The floorfll is provided witha 15 AAn object of the present invention 1s toV provide a' kilnin which a uniform, and

number of apertures 16 communicating with 7,0 the various passagewaysliprovided vby the walls 12- -12. Therbailie'wall ris circular in contour .and isv spacedvromthe circular wall l as indicated by the'linel'in Figure 4. The hot gases passing throughthe aper- 7 5 tures 16 in the loor 11 will passlthrough ther Y passageways formed by the walls 12-12 and will be compelled to pass to the periphery of the baftlewall 13 before gettingintoY the.

passageways belowv said battle wall 13, which SJ passageways are formed by the parallel wallsv 14; The passageways formed by the walls 14 communicate with the stack tunnel 18,. through which the spent air and gases mayy be led from the kiln. 85

The fire boX 4 is provided withA the grate 19, which maybe of any preferred `construcv tion. Said fire box 4 is fedwith solid fuel from the gate 20, which may be supplied with ameasuredamount of fuel at regular intervals. y `Y For the purpose of supplyingV a meas-v ured amount of fuel to the gate 20 at predetermined intervals, ahopper21` maya befprovided, which hopper is provided with' a revolving gate 22. Every revolution of the revolving gate 22 permits a measured quantity of fuel to pass fromY the hopper 21 to the gate 2 0. When saidv gate 20 receives a load of fuel, the weight 100' of said fuel will cause said gate Vto open, allowing said fuel` to drop upon there box 4. Said gate 2O isbiased to. closed position, whereby said gate will close access from the fire boXto the revolving gatev 22 at all times 105 except when said gate 20 yis actually performing a dumping operation.

. The revolving gate 2 2 may be operated by the gear 23, vwhich gear, may be driven by the gear 24, whichin turn is operated by the gear V25, which may be mutilated wherebyto'be voperative upon gear'24 only during a part of a revolution'of'said gear 25. The gear 24 may drive the gear 26, which in turn meshes with the gear`27. Mounted upon the same shaft as the gear 27 is the gear 28 adapted to operate the rack' 4 lated gear 28 in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Figurel, will cause the spreader'() to move in a right-hand direction as'viewed 'in said figure whereby to spread the fu'elover ,said tire box 4L to keep saiduel level. -When the multilated portion of gear 28 comes into proximity tothe rack 29 the weight 31 will draw saidV spreader 30 to the left; where it willrem'ain until the next spreader4 is started.'A

"The mode of' operation of the above de scribed venflbodiment ofthe present invention will; beV clearA without detailed' explanation'. Brick-o1 other materialto be heat treated will be placed in the kiln'and-the kiln sealed shut: Products of combustion from the vfire' box l will pass through the passageway 5 to' the center flue 3.- Airwill enter through the passageways 9 and will be heated to a high tempera-ture by'reason' of contact with the wall of passageway. The products oieombustion and the heated airwill be V- deflectedby the wall of the'rflue and will pass downwardly in and; around the material to be heated'passi-ng through the apertures 16-16 of the floor 11 into the passagey ways Jformed by the parallel wallsV12-12.

A uniform distribution of the heated air and gasesV will be caused'by reason of the baille wall'l which is mounted below the iioor 11. The spentV gases will be directed to the periphery or' the baffle wall 13 and will enter the passageways formed by the parallel walls 111-14, which passageways lead to the stack tunnel 18.

The gear 25` may be continuously operated byV means of a motor and said gear, by reason ofits mutilated condition, will communicate intermittent rotary 'motion to the gear; 242 Said gear 24, by reason'of its engagement with the gear 23, will operate theY revolving gate 22 intermittently Vto delivermeasured amounts ofcoal to the dumping gate 20. Uponeach delivery of'a measured amount ,of coal, said gate 2O will dump and admit said coal to the fire box 4. Duractuating movement of they ingrthe intervals between dumping operations, the" gate20 will beolosed: The 'gear 24 acting throughthe 4gears 26 and 2? will drive the mutilated gear 2S to cause intermittent operation-ofthe rack 29 and the spreader 30. Said spreader 30 will accordingly act in timed relation to the deposits oi' coal and will operate to keep the coal at a level;

rlhe invention is useful in providing a uniform heat throughout the kiln. It will be understoodthat if at'any timeit isdesired to raise the temperature oi vthe upper part of the kiln above that normallyproducedy bythe circulation of' products of'combustion and the vheated air, such eectcan be had by damping the outliow through the stack" tunnel and stack. When the circulation/isV thus damped, the heated'gases will rise to the upper part of the kiln, raising the temperature thereof'materially. One embodiment-` of the presentsinvention has been described in detail.l Many modifi-A cations will occur to thoseskilledinrthe art;

It is intended in thispatent to cover all such modificationsthat fall within thebseope of the inventionv as definedV byftheW-appended claims. n

Iclaimz' Y 1. A kiln comprising a oente'rflue for the admission ofheated gases,\arhorizontal floor, means cooperating with said flueiifor deflecting gases downwardly towardsaid floor,

apertures in said floor Y and av baille wall placed below said floor? for causingltheheated gases to take'a t'ortuouscourse inpassing from said kiln. 2 A kiln havingaA center flue, a wall surrounding said flue and forming therewith ani annular chamber, means providing aV pas-l sageway' for? hea-ted prodlucts'of combustion to said flue, said lastIn'entioned-` means being provided with passageways communicat-y ing! with'- said annular' chamberfy for conductingvair-to beheatedfby said productsy of? com. bustion. l Y

3. A kiln comprisingi aehamberffor the reception of materiali to be'treated.,a ilue for' said chamber,.means providing apassageway for conduotingi products ofl coml bustionto said 'chamber andlproviding. passageways for the passageof air to said chamber, said` airbeing Ycaused vto-'pass in proximity to the fcoursefof saidV products of combustion for'. preheatingA purposes.

4 5 A kiln comprising'a circular' wallhaving` an apertured looigacenter flue, means" for conducting.'k heated gasesfito. saidfue, said .meansprovidingpassageways for ,conf ductingairin a position' to. be Apreheated by said heatedi gases,.said kiln beinglprovide'd with abaille` wall below; saidfloor for dii` re'ctin'g` gases toward. the periphery` offfsai'd kiln.

5. A kiln havinglanapertured oor anda 1,465,744. v "s Y Y horizontal haie Wall placed below said Hoor for causing heated gases to take acouz'se toward the outer Wall 0I" said kiln. Y

Y 6. A kiln having a source of heated gases, a vertical flue inthe interior of saidV kiln,Y a conduit for conducting heated gases to said flue, said conduit having passageways associated therewith for ConductingV airwto be heated by the heated gases in said conduit.

7. A kiln having a fine in the interior there of, a conduit for conducting heated gases to said ue, said conduit having means associated therewith forxconducting air to the interior of said ykiln along paths in'A proximityto said heated gases. j l

8.',Aikiln having a flue in the interior thereof, al conduit for conducting heated gases to said flue, said conduit having means associated therewith for conducting air to the interior of Vsaid kiln along pathsv in proximity to said heated gases, said kiln being provided with means for directing said air and heated gases to a common point. Signed at New York, New York, this 20th day of 'May7 1922.

ENOCH P. STEVENS. 

